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- founded by Corinth
734
- originally only on island of
Ortygia
- tyranny under Gelon and Hieron
until 466\
- democratic government
thereafter
- under Dionysios I fortification
of Ortygia, city, Epipolae
- archaological remains: theater,
fortification walls, temples
- left: decadrachma of Syracuse:
4 dolphins around SURAKOSION
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