Decelean or Ionian War

• 413 the Spartan king Agis II (Archidamus died 427) invades Attica for the first time since 425 and establishes a garrison at the deme Decelea, which functions both as a base from which to conduct raids into Attica and as a refuge for runaway slaves—about 20,000 fled.
• During this period, fighting was carried on mainly in the Aegean Sea.
• 411 oligarchic revolt at Athens; franchise reduced to 5000; democratic party now located on Samos; 410 oligarchs revolt put down and democracy restored.
• 406 Battle of Arginousae islands—The Athenian fleet under Promachus is victorious over the Spartan fleet under Callicratidas in the largest naval battle of the war; losses on both sides were heavy and eight Athenian generals were convicted of failing to rescue survivors; two of them fled and the other six were executed (including Pericles, the son of Pericles).
• 405 Battle of Aegispotami — the Athenian fleet under Conon pursues the Spartan fleet under Lysander to the Hellespont; the Spartans take Lampsacus and the Athenians beach opposite at Aegispotami where there is no harbor. Lysander catches Athenian forces on the beach in a surprise attack and executes all 3000 Athenians captured. Conon escapes to Cyprus.
• 404 In 405 Lysander and the Spartan fleet blockade the Piraaeus and a Peloponnesian army surrounds Athens; in the Spring of 404 Athens surrenders.