1. First Athenian Expedition to Sicily - 427 bce
  • 427; Leontini and Syracuse are at war.
  • The Leontines are Ionians; the Syracusans are Dorians.
  • The Leontines are allied with Rhegians in Italy; the Syracusans are allied with Locrians in Italy.
  • The allies of the Leontines send to Athens for aid.
  • Athens responds with 20 ships under Laches (replaced by Pythodorus in 426) and Charoeades (who dies in battle in 426), and establish their base of operations at Rhegium.
  • During 427/6 the Athenians and their allies conduct campaigns in the Aeolian Islands, against the Locrians, and against Mylai and Himera, with varying degrees of success.

  • "The Athenians sent [the fleet to their allies in Sicily] upon the plea of their common descent, but in reality to prevent the exportation of Sicilian corn to Peloponnese and to test the possibility of bringing Sicily into subjection. Accordingly they established themselves at Rhegium in Italy, and from thence carried on the war in concert with their allies" (3.86.4-5).